

Efforts to counter criticism include a public relations campaign in this same year, which included several television commercials. By the end of 2005, Walmart had launched Working Families for Walmart to counter those groups.

In 2005, labor unions created new organizations and websites to criticize the company, including Wake Up Walmart ( United Food and Commercial Workers) and Walmart Watch ( Service Employees International Union). The company has denied any wrongdoing and said that low prices are the result of efficiency. Criticisms include charges of racial and gender discrimination, foreign product sourcing, anti-competitive practices, treatment of product suppliers, environmental practices, the use of public subsidies, and its surveillance of its employees. The American multinational retail chain Walmart has been criticized by many groups and individuals, such as labor unions and small-town advocates, for its policies and business practices, and their effects. A Walmart Supercenter in Madison Heights, Virginia (2005)
